Unintentional stimulus control during the treatment of pica displayed by a young man with autism. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, 16, 189–191.įalcomata, T. Pica in the geriatric mentally ill: Unrelenting and potentially fatal. American Sociological Review, 7, 59–65.ĭumaguing, N. Geophagy (dirt-eating) among Mississippi negro schoolchildren. International Journal of Eating Disorders. The prevalence of pica and rumination behavior among individuals seeking treatment for eating disorders and obesity. Canadian Journal of Surgery, 36, 551–554.ĭelaney, C. Pica in the mentally handicapped: A 15-year surgical perspective. American Journal of Public Health, 63, 737–743.ĭecker, C. Prevention of pica, the major cause of lead poisoning in children. Is lead a concern in Canadian autistic children? Paediatrics & Child Health, 15, 17–22.ĭe la Burdé, B., & Reames, B. Education and Training in Developmental Disabilities, 39, 346–358.Ĭlark, B., Vandermeer, B., Simonetti, A., & Buka, I. Pica: A review of recent assessment and treatment procedures. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 7, 39–50.Ĭarlander, O. The long-term treatment of life-threatening pica: A case study of a woman with profound mental retardation living in an applied setting. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 8, 195–196.īogart, L. Pagophagia – A common but rarely reported form of pica. Delhi Psychiatry Journal, 17, 144–147.īhatia, M. Pica responding to SSRI: An OCD spectrum disorder? The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 10, 936–938.īhatia, M. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 11, 377–389.īhatia, M. Behavioral treatments for pica: A review of empirical studies. The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, 35, 417–427.īell, K. Coprophagia in an elderly man: A case report and review of the literature. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 30, 512–520.īeck, D. The social and recreational characteristics of adults with intellectual disability and pica living in institutions. Surgical complications of pica: Report of a case of intestinal obstruction and a review of the literature. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.Īmerican Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC: Author.Īmerican Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed., revised). Washington, DC: Author.Īmerican Psychiatric Association (1987). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed.). Geophagy in the Tropics: A Literature Review. Studies on pharmacological treatment of individuals with pica are scarce, but there is some limited support for the use of SSRIs.Ībraham, P. Psychological treatment in children is limited to techniques of behavior modification that are only supported by case studies. Currently, there is no unified etiological model of pica instead, single theories exist that explain pica behavior with a limited number of substances and/or in subgroups. The extremely relevant topic of developmental challenges associated with pica has not been researched to date, beyond our current understanding of potential factors impacting developmental delay, such as shame, withdrawal, depression, and medical hospitalization. However, representative epidemiological data is rare and for the general population nonexistent. It seems to mainly occur in children, pregnant women, and individuals with intellectual disabilities and specific other mental disorders. It is associated with severe medical impairments (e.g., intestinal perforation or obstruction, infections, or asphyxiation), while little is known about associated psychological impairment. Pica is characterized by eating substances that are considered nonfood and nonnutritive.
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